Fluorescein

Fluorescein standard (Reference standard), one of the basis in its structural transformation, can produce a series of fluorescein derivatives.

Fluorescein for Argon-ion Laser of 488nm spectral lines, there are relatively high fluorescence absorption, better yield of fluorescence as well as good water-soluble. Marker protein usually does not produce protein precipitation.
And other derivatives as fluorescein, Fluorescein has a high rate of light quenching, pH sensitivity and the spectral width of the shortcomings of the launch.

Mainly used in confocal laser scanning micro-array (Confocal laser scanning microscopy) and the application of flow cytometry (Flow cytometry).

FAM
Carboxy-fluorescein, Carboxyfluorescein, is fluorescein derivatives, 5-FAM than a 6-FAM is more frequently used.

Carboxyfluorescein-5-succimidyl ester, that is, 5-FAM (NHS) widely exists in the fluorescent labeling kit.

FITC compared with, FAM and N-response faster and more stable product, but the amount of FITC-binding protein and a greater control of the process easier.
FAM also applies to Argon-ion Laser of 488nm spectral lines, ABS / Em = 492/518nm (pH = 9.0), with a fluorescein derivative of the general characteristics, stability in water.

5-FAM is mainly used in automated DNA sequencing, the marking of the d / ddCTP, is also frequently used in quantitative PCR products, nucleic acid probe.