Kaolin has a range of industrial applications grouped into three main market areas: - Paper, ceramics and specialty minerals.

While kaolin is white and clean and considered pure clay mineral, ball clays, by comparison, are generally grey or brownish in color and differ in the following ways:

•   They have a much finer ultimate particle size

•   They contain organic material, especially lignite, that darken the raw color

•   They are much more plastic and suspend better

•   They contain chemical impurities that darken fired color (especially iron oxide)

•   They melt at a lower temperature.

The principal properties of ball clays that make them useful for a range of applications is:

•   Ultra-fine particle size: Ultimate particles can be 0.2 microns

•   Flat-shaped aluminum-silicate particles of high resistance to heat and acid attack

•   Affinity for water: The particles have a surface chemistry that attracts water and holds onto it

•   Surface area: Only bentonite and similar minerals have a higher surface area than ball clays

Very high plasticity: They are suitable as binders, suspenders, plasticizers. 

Detail of each type
D1
Sio2:50.2, Al2O3:36.5,  Fe2O3:0.7, TiO2:0.2, CaO:0.17, MgO:0.2, K2O:0.85, Na2O:0.10, L.O.I:12.18,  Viscosity(s):20, PH Value:5.8, Dry Strength(Kgf/cm2):30
Whiteness:86, Lg Loss: 12.18, Shrinkages:7.8, Water Absorption: 19 
D2
Sio2:50.2, Al2O3:35.5, Fe2O3: 0.82, TiO2:0.23, CaO:0.0.18, MgO:0.22, K2O:1.73, Na2O:0.12, L.O.I:12.00,  Viscosity(s):25, PH Value:5.5, Dry Strength(Kgf/cm2):50
Whiteness:81, Lg Loss: 13.0, Shrinkages:8.0, Water Absorption: 13.1
(1200 ℃)