stone wall
GABIONS consist of rectangular units, fabricated from a double-twisted hexagonal mesh. Filled with stones, gabions become large, flexible and permeable elements from which a broad range of structures may be built. Gabions and mattresses are widely used for hydraulic and geo- technical control such as retaining walls, riverbank protections, weirs, channel linings etc.
GABIONS are divided into cells with diaphragms (usually spaced at 1 meter or 3’ intervals), whose function is to reinforce the structure. The mesh (except for the diaphragms) is reinforced on all edges with wires of a larger diameter to strengthen the gabions and facilitate the assembly and installation.
INTERNATION STANDARD TO FOLLOW:
ASTM 975 standard:
Style 1 galvanzied wire as per ASTM A 641, class 3 soft temper
Style 2 style 1 and overcoated with PVC
Style 3 Zn-5Al-MM coated wire as per ASTM A 856
EN 10223-3 standard:
Galvanzied wire meets EN 10244-2 and old BS 443
Tensile strength between 420N/mm2 and 500N/mm2 according to EN 10218-2
TOLERANCES:
On the hexagonal, double-twisted wire mesh opening shall not exceed ±10% on the nominal dimension
D values (see figure), as follows:
|
Mesh Type
|
Nominal Dimension D Values
|
|
8 x 10
|
83mm (3.25 in.) |
Table 1 mesh characteristics
|
Characteristics
|
Gabion
|
|
|
Metallic coated
|
PVC coated
|
|
|
Mesh type opening
|
8 by 10 83 by 114 mm(3.25 by 4.5 in.)
|
8 by 10 83 by 114 mm(3.25 by 4.5 in.)
|
|
Mesh wire
|
2.4/2.7/3.0mm
|
2.4/2.7mm
|
|
Selvege wire
|
3.0/3.4/3.8mm
|
3.0/3.4mm
|
|
Lacing wire
|
2.2mm
|
2.2mm
|
|
Fasteners
|
3.0mm
|
3.0mm
|
|
Stiffeners( using lacing wire )
|
2.2mm
|
2.2mm
|
|
Preformed
|
3.8mm
|
3.4mm
|
|
PVC coating thickness: Nominal
|
N/A
|
0.5mm
|
|
Minimum
|
N/A
|
0.38mm
|
Table 2 typical gabions size (m)
|
Length
M |
Width
M |
Height
M |
No.
Of Cells |
Volume M3
|
|
Meter
|
Meter
|
Meter
|
Each
|
Cu.meter
|
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
|
3.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
|
4.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
4.0
|
4.0
|
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
|
3.0
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
3.0
|
1.5
|
|
4.0
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
4.0
|
2.0
|
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
0.3
|
2.0
|
0.6
|
|
3.0
|
1.0
|
0.3
|
3.0
|
0.9
|
|
4.0
|
1.0
|
0.3
|
4.0
|
1.2
|
Table 3 typical gabions size (feet)
|
Length
Feet |
Width
Feet |
Height
Feet |
No.
Of Cells |
Volume
Yd3 |
|
Feet
|
Feet
|
Feet
|
Each
|
Cu.Yard
|
|
6.0
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
|
9.0
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
|
12.0
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
4.0
|
4.0
|
|
6.0
|
3.0
|
1.5
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
|
9.0
|
3.0
|
1.5
|
3.0
|
1.5
|
|
9.0
|
3.0
|
1.5
|
3.0
|
1.5
|
|
12.0
|
3.0
|
1.3
|
4.0
|
2.0
|
|
6.0
|
3.0
|
1.0
|
2.0
|
0.67
|
|
12.0
|
3.0
|
1.0
|
4.0
|
1.33
|
For easy handling and shipping, the gabions are supplied folded flat. A color stripe applied on the side of each folded gabion identifies the size.
Loading:
Usually, gabions will be loaded into 40ft containers to save cost