the Dumbbell style elements, with the enlarged cold ends, were one of the earliest designs of the heating elements, which were originally made oversized to increase the cold end cross section, lowering electrical resistance so as to lower the operating temperature of the cold ends. Modern Dumbbell elements, by contrast, all employ an advanced technology to keep the terminal ends cool by virtue of the decreased resistivity of the lower resistance of the material of the cold ends in the manufacturing process. Therefore, oversized cold ends are no longer necessary. Non-dumbbell or ED type elements can substituted for Dumbbell elements.